New £10 Note Featuring Jane Austen Enters Circulation

The new, polymer £10 note featuring Jane Austen comes into circulation today.

Austen is the only woman – apart from the Queen – to now feature on an English bank note, following the withdrawal of the old £5 notes in May, which featured Elizabeth Fry. Fry was replaced with a picture of Winston Churchill.

Paper bank notes – £5, £10 and £20 – are slowly being replaced by plastic notes, which are more secure and resilient to counterfeiting, more resistant to dirt and more durable.

The paper fiver is no longer legal tender, and once the new £10 note enters circulation, its paper predecessor will be withdrawn from circulation in Spring 2018.

What Does the New £10 Look Like?

The new £10 note features English novelist Austen with plump cheeks and a calm expression, taken from a portrait which was commissioned after her death at the age of 41.

The note has already attracted some criticism due to the fact that Austen’s portrait appears to be “airbrushed”. It shows her noticeably prettier and less drawn than she appears in the only contemporary painting of her which exists (and is on display at the National Portrait Gallery in London.)

As well as Austen’s portrait, the tenner features a quote from Pride and Prejudice when Miss Bingley exclaims: “I declare after all there is no enjoyment but reading!”

Use of this particular quote has caused controversy as it isn’t spoken by Austen, but by one her most obnoxious characters, a woman who doesn’t actually like reading books at all.
The new note is around 15pc smaller than the current £10 and is the first Bank of England banknote to be printed with a series of raised dots in the top left-hand corner to help blind and partially sighted users.

This is in addition to the elements already incorporated in the banknotes for vision impaired people, which include tiered sizing, bold numerals, raised print and differing colour palettes.

The new £10 is expected to last at least 2.5 times longer than its paper predecessor – around five years in total, the Bank of England said.

Why Jane Austen?

Austen’s presence on the new £10 note was one of the first announcements made by Mr Carney after he took up his position as governor of the Bank of England.

He said: “Jane Austen certainly merits a place in the select group of historical figures to appear on our banknotes.

“Her novels have an enduring and universal appeal, and she is recognized as one of the greatest writers in English literature.

“As Austen joins Adam Smith, Boulton and Watt, and… Churchill, our notes will celebrate a diverse range of individuals who have contributed in a wide range of fields.”

What Will the Note Be Made Of?

The Bank of England has refused to bow to pressure to make its £10 plastic bank note tallow-free, despite anger from vegans and vegetarians. But the central bank has backed the use of palm oil in its new £20 note following the backlash.

More than 136,000 people signed a Change.org petition calling for the Bank of England to cease using animal fat in the production of currency.
When Will the Old £10 Note Cease to be Legal Tender?

The Bank of England says that the old £10, which features Charles Darwin, will be gradually phased out and officially withdrawn from circulation in Spring 2018, with notice given at least three months prior to the withdrawal date.

When Will the £20 and £50 Notes Be Replaced?

The new polymer £20 banknote will be issued in 2020, with the face of J.M.W Turner printed on it. The Bank has not confirmed whether the £50 note, featuring Boulton and Watt, will be replaced.

How Much Would a Tenner Have Been Worth in Jane Austen’s Time?

£10 in Jane Austen’s time would have been worth the equivalent of £786 in today’s money, according to analysis by Aviva.

If the Bank of England had wanted the new £10 banknote to have the same purchasing power that £10 enjoyed 200 years ago, it would need to be revalued as the £786 banknote. But thanks to the eroding impact of inflation, £10 today has a relative purchasing power of only 13p, compared with what it could have bought in 1817.

According to Mr Carney, £10 was half the annual allowance she received from her father while he was alive. A £10 note may also have had a symbolic meaning to her, as it was the amount she was paid by publishers Crosby and Co. for her first novel, Susan, he said.

Rescue Mission Underway for Rare Wine Collections Menaced by Irma

Adam Gungle, founder of Xpeditr Inc. professional wine movers, is pictured in Toronto, Ontario.

Swooping in ahead of Hurricane Irma’s feared weekend arrival, an emergency response team is rescuing rare treasures – some of them survivors of world wars and all of them liquid – from harm’s way in Florida and Louisiana.

Wine collections worth millions of dollars are being stashed out of reach of the Category 5 hurricane, moved from homes to local bunker-like storage units or shuttled to temperature-controlled warehouses as far away as New Jersey.

Many are owned by philanthropists aging the wine to perfection before donating it to a charity auction, often to raise disaster relief funds, said Adam Gungle, chief executive officer of Xpeditr, a high-end wine transporter based in Elizabeth, New Jersey, and Toronto.

“The wrath of a hurricane can ruin delicate pieces of liquid history,” Gungle said. “Hurricanes Andrew, Katrina and Sandy ruined tens of millions of dollars worth of fine wine.”

Hurricanes destroy wines by cutting power to carefully controlled 55-degree Fahrenheit (12.7-Celsius) storage units required by the finest vintages, whose corks pop or bottles explode if temperatures spike too quickly. Storm-fueled ocean surges are equally damaging when they flood wine cellars, peeling off signature labels and seeping into corks.

Wine fortunes ruined by Superstorm Sandy in 2012 were the impetus behind the Xpeditr Emergency Response Team, which has been contacting clients in Irma’s potential path to warn that preventive steps should be taken to protect wine investments.

By Thursday, September 7, 2017, 20,000 bottles worth as much as $5 million had been plucked from garages and crawl spaces in homes in Florida and Louisiana, some from collectors already stung by wine losses during Hurricane Katrina in 2005, Gungle said.

“A lot of these bottles survived World War One, World War Two,” he said.

In Palm Beach Gardens, Florida, a storage facility with wine lockers built to withstand 157-mile-per-hour (253-km-per-hour) winds has turned away 10 potential new customers in recent days because it is filled to capacity, said Drew Feinberg, sommelier at Store Self Storage & Wine Storage. Current customers are rushing bottles from their homes into their rented lockers, which will be cooled by two gas-powered generators if electricity is knocked out by Irma, Feinberg said.

 

Renowned wines rescued from natural disasters include Chateau D’Yquem 1811 and 1847, worth $110,000 per bottle, saved after Superstorm Sandy, and Domaine Romanee-Conti 1945, valued at $60,000 a bottle, rescued from Hurricane Harvey, Xpeditr’s Gungle said.

When Irma lashed British billionaire and adventurer Sir Richard Branson’s private Caribbean island, Necker, on Wednesday, both fine wine and mankind sought shelter from the storm in a concrete wine cellar under his home.

The greatest risk to the wine was human consumption, the founder of the Virgin group of companies wrote on its website.

“Knowing our wonderful team as I do, I suspect there will be little wine left in the cellar when we all emerge,” Branson wrote

The Best New Business Hotel in London Isn’t a Business Hotel at All

Two ultra-hip hoteliers have brought a first-of-its-kind haven for corporate creatives to the city’s financial district.

Don’t even think about calling the Ned a business hotel.

Yes, behind its grand 1920s Midland Bank facade it’s the size of a convention center property, with 320,000 total square feet of space. And yes, it’s located smack in the middle of the City, London’s finance and business core.

But a business hotel is the very last thing the Ned’s founders set out to create. Based on repeated warnings from their handlers, they seem to consider those two words nothing short of anathema.

Above: One of several bars at the Ned, opening soon in London’s City neighborhood.

The Ned is the first collaboration between Andrew Zobler and Nick Jones, red-hot hoteliers with a gift for attracting the crème de la crème of the creative class. Jones founded Soho House, while Zobler is chief executive of Sydell Group, which develops and operates such acclaimed properties as the Nomad in New York, the Freehand in Miami and Chicago, and the Line in Los Angeles and Washington, D.C.

If Jones’s Soho House hotels have been like indie movies, as he characterized them in an interview, then this is his big blockbuster.

The project is massive in both size and investment: 252 rooms in 13 categories; seven public restaurants; a private members’ club; three bars; a rooftop pool; six meeting and event spaces; a barbershop; a women’s hair studio; separate salons for facials and skin rejuvenation, make-up, and nails; a fitness club; and a spa.

Above: Rooms at the Ned range from smaller “crash pads” to studio suites, such as this one, in addition to heritage rooms, built into the bank’s former office spaces. The most spacious rooms are signature suites, with the 1,076-square-foot Lutyens Suite taking up the largest footprint

While the team declined to comment on their total budget, the recent restoration of the glitzy Corinthia, another sprawling London hotel, cost a cool $490 million. And despite the prowess of both hoteliers, neither was willing to tackle the project alone.

“Nick had never done anything of this scale, but he understands London as well as anybody and has a great aesthetic and style,” Zobler said of their partnership. “We understood the hotel business and development very well. Together we made a great team.”

Jones concurred: “We’ve been responsible for the design, and they’ve been responsible for the implementation—it’s been a super-successful collaboration.”

Above: Elements of the old Midland Bank are still on display at the Ned, giving it a clear sense of time and place.

“Lifestyle hotels used to be synonymous with this idea of ‘boutique,’” said Zobler. “Small meant better. More intimate.” He sees that changing. “Growing in scale means you can offer a larger range of amenities,” he explained.

Those separate men’s and women’s salons perfectly prove the point: They’ll come in handy whether guests are going to black-tie weddings or buttoned-up board meetings. Ditto the meeting rooms with private terraces or the 24-hour British brasserie called Millie’s (as convenient for locals’ post-party munchies as it will be for suits with late-night flight arrivals).

“Nobody wants to stay in the same boring business hotels with the same restaurant menus and the same ugly awnings,” said Jack Ezon of Ovation Travel, whose company books at least 30,000 corporate room nights in London annually. “You want a cool place with a great vibe that gets you in a good mood, especially if you’re entertaining. And if you can combine that with big, nice rooms, it’s even better,” he added.

The Ned, he says, ticks those boxes. Entertaining will be easy, with eight restaurants that include a sister to Cecconi’s in Mayfair; a Jewish deli; a Parisian-inspired café; and several spaces that will be for guest use only, such as a bar in the bank building’s old vault space, a rooftop grill, and a ritzy American steakhouse.

“For business travelers, the Ned is a game-changer,” said Ezon, estimating that the project will likely see 60 percent to 80 percent of its occupancy checking “business” on their immigration forms.

Above: The Ned’s private club spaces merge midcentury pieces with contemporary edge.

“You have to be a member to walk into a Soho House building, but a good night at the Ned will see every sort of person in there—that’s what will make it interesting and exciting, I think,” said Jones, whose previous projects have always been characterized by a sense of exclusivity. “The Ned is for everyone.”

Yet that’s not entirely true. While most of the restaurants and public spaces will in fact be open to the public, a private membership club will still give the Ned an elite bent.

Included in the membership cost (which starts at 1,500 British pounds, or $1,880) is access to a series of private spaces, such as the aforementioned restaurants, a marble-clad gym, and a spa with a hammam, sauna, and swimming pool. Perhaps the hardest tables to book on property will be those at the Princes Dome and Poultry Dome bars, two visually spectacular watering holes built into round rooftop atriums.

Although exclusivity is a long-held focus of Soho House clubs, getting admitted here won’t require you to be a creative professional. The hotel’s position in the City will force it to open its network beyond the traditional editorial, art, and fashion types.

“What we’re really hoping for is a blend of people,” said Zobler, who said that “getting the alchemy right” would require a diverse mix of business travelers, startup entrepreneurs, transient locals, leisure types, and beyond. “We’re trying to cultivate that through the diversity of the offerings,” he explained.

Until now, there have been few exciting places to stay in the City, except for an Andaz, an Indigo, and a few unbranded, unremarkable crash pads. But that’s changing, and not just because of the Ned.

Ezon says the recently opened Four Seasons Ten Trinity—also in a historic building with a private members’ club—is another noteworthy City site, despite having a more traditional feel. “They’ll cater to a similar comp set but a different psychographic,” explained Ezon. “One for the more trendy, and one for the more traditional.”

Zobler hopes bringing the cool-kid cred to the City will help change the neighborhood even further. “The center of gravity in London has really moved east. You used to want to stay in the West End and went to the City just to do business. Now that so much has moved east to Shoreditch and beyond, the City has actually become a great hub,” he said. To his point: Nightlife, shops, and tech companies have moved in, and restaurants are expanding their hours past 8:00 p.m. for the first time.

London isn’t alone in this regard. One of the hottest new hotels in New York, the Beekman, is also in an historic building in the once-bland Financial District. And in Los Angeles, Zobler is developing a Nomad downtown rather than in glamorous Santa Monica or Beverly Hills.

“Financial districts tend to have these old incredible buildings, and people have a yearning to be in places that have a sense of history,” he said.

Plus, good real estate deals bring in a creative, regenerative energy. “In the coming years, you’ll see the City’s office spaces—they’re reasonably priced and well connected [to public transportation]–being filled up by interesting tech and advertising firms,” predicted Jones.

Above: Another room at the Ned.

“Business hotels need to learn to cater to a younger demographic,” said Ezon. “They need to capture local energy and have some life to them.” That’s exactly what the Ned is designed to do.

So call it an urban resort if you must, but we’ll raise our glass to Zobler and Jones for creating the business hotel of the future—one that’s not strictly for business at all.

Art Gallery of Greater Victoria Looks Forward to a Busy September

September is an excellent time to consider visiting, or re-visiting, the Art Gallery of Greater Victoria.

Activities and events being staged include the ever-popular House Tour, a tour of unique and architecturally stunning Victoria homes, on Sept. 24.

Tickets for the event go on sale on Friday.

The first Tuesday of the month is always Admission by Donation Day, your excuse to spend a morning (or afternoon) exploring the galleries.

The gallery’s new Water Work Space is part-exhibition and part- workshop. It opens with a public open house and admission by donation on Sept. 16.

The space explores issues related to water — as a resource, a site of trade and exchange, and in relation to climate change.

The Party for our People, a celebration with local and regional artists featured in current exhibitions, features music, refreshments and interactive activities. It takes place on Sept. 21, from 6 to 9 p.m.

ART + FARE 3 is a celebration of all things local (and an annual fundraiser). It is held at and organized by the Union Club of British Columbia. The event takes place on Sept. 23, from 7 to 11 p.m. Tickets are available at artandfare.com.

There are three exhibition tours offered in September, the cost is included with admission:

• Moving Forward by Looking Back, Sept. 2 at 2 p.m.

• Close to Home, Sept. 3 at 2 p.m.

• Close to Home Curator’s Tour, Sept. 5 at 2 p.m.

AGGV House Tour

AGGV House Tour set for 64th Anniversary edition

The Art Gallery of Greater Victoria and the Gallery Associates invite you to mark your calendar for Sunday, Sept. 24 when they present the 64th Anniversary House Tour. A mix of new and stunningly renovated homes, five of Oak Bay’s most beautiful residences will be open for viewing from 11 a.m. to 4 p.m.

In addition to viewing the unique Oak Bay residences, visitors will have the opportunity to chat with local artists working at each location. This year artists include: Richard Hunt, acclaimed First Nations carver; Mary Fox, ceramic artist; Will Millar, former leader of the Irish Rovers and renowned painter; Mary-ellen Threadkell, abstract painter; Keith Holmes painter, muralist and graphic artist and Joan Pattee, multi-genre painter. To accent the design of the homes, each stop on the tour also features imaginative floral creations from the Victoria Floral Artists’ Guild.

“This year’s House Tour includes not only excellent architecture and interior design but the homes also feature significant works by renowned artists,” said Bill Huzar, 2017 House Tour Chair. “Visitors will have the chance to enjoy the superb personal art collections that owners have on their walls throughout the homes.”

Huzar added, “the tour is the annual Gallery Associates’ major fundraiser in support of the Art Gallery of Greater Victoria. All funds raised go toward supporting programs and operational expenses incurred by the Gallery. The Gallery Associates volunteer, promote and support the AGGV through fundraising events and programs.”

Tickets for the self-directed tour cost $35 and go on sale September 1 at the AGGV, 1040 Moss Street; online at aggv.ca/events

National Heritage Site – Plaque Unveiling Ceremony

On Monday, May 22, 2017, The Union Club of British Columbia hosted a ceremony to receive the plaque commemorating the designation of the Union Club as a National Historic Site.

The ceremony was MC’d by Dr. Hal Kalman – Union Club member and BC Representative, Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada – and the official party included:

  • Her Honour, the Honourable Judith Guichon, Lieutenant Governor of British Columbia
  • John Aldag, Member of Parliament for Cloverdale-Langley City
  • Her Worship Lisa Helps, Mayor of Victoria
  • His Worship Nils Jensen, Mayor of Oak Bay
  • Bernard Beck, President of The Union Club of British Columbia

To view footage of the Ceremony, please click on the link below:

Drinks and Danger Marked Early Victorian Bars

In 1851 (28 years before the founding of The Union Club of British Columbia), Victoria’s first saloon opened its doors, ushering in a heady era that saw hundreds of saloons and hotel bars dispensing alcohol to the city’s thirsty patrons 24 hours a day, seven days a week. In his new book, “Aqua Vitae”, Glen A. Mofford delves deep into the fascinating history of these establishments and transports the reader to the intoxicating — and often treacherous — atmosphere of our capital during the days of swinging doors, smoky bars and five-cent beers.

SHIP INN SALOON, 1851-62

James Stuart Yates was born in Linlithgow, Scotland, on Jan. 21, 1819. He signed on with the Hudson’s Bay Company as a ship’s carpenter in 1848; that same year, Yates married Mary Powell of Montgomeryshire. Two weeks later, they began their journey to Fort Victoria on the ship Harpooner.

Yates grew to dislike the strict discipline and heavy-handedness of the Hudson’s Bay Company, and after 18 months he escaped to the goldfields of California. Upon his return, Yates was charged with breach of contract and sentenced to six months in the northeast bastion of Fort Victoria, which was used as a makeshift jail. Yates served 30 days of his sentence, and upon his release was discharged from the Hudson’s Bay Company. He was granted independent status on Jan. 29, 1851. This suited the stubborn Yates, and he wasted little time in pursuing his business goals.

On June 9, 1851, Yates paid 50 pounds for each of two undeveloped waterfront lots, 201 and 202, on Wharf Street, northwest of the fort. There he built his home and the first privately owned saloon in Victoria, the Ship Inn. Unfortunately, there are no known surviving photographs or illustrations of his saloon, but the location was most likely 1252 Wharf St. at the southwest corner with what eventually was named Yates Street.

The Ship Inn Saloon did a tremendous business, with the only competition coming from the Hudson’s Bay Company store. For a few months, Yates enjoyed a monopoly on the retail liquor business before two other saloons opened. His main customers were seafarers, such as sealers, sailors and fishers, who came in to enjoy a five-cent mug of beer or a 121Ú2-cent shot of liquor.

From 1851 until the summer of 1853, the saloon business was unregulated and a licence was not required to sell spirits or beer. Two more saloons opened before Sir James Douglas, the chief factor of the colony, introduced a revenue bill that called for a licensing system for the wholesale and retail sale of alcohol. The annual fee for a retail licence was set at £120, while wholesale licences cost £100. The bill passed into law in July 1853 and resulted in the closure of the two saloons competing with the Ship Inn. Yates enjoyed a monopoly once more.

Profits from his liquor business allowed Yates to buy up town lots on Langley, Wharf and Yates streets, the last ultimately bearing his name. By 1860, James Yates was one of the wealthiest men in Victoria. That same year, Yates closed his saloon and reopened it a few doors to the south, at 1218 Wharf St., a newly completed stone and brick building that still exists.

The lower level was a warehouse for merchandise, primarily cases of liquor that were brought in directly off ships moored in Victoria Harbour. The bar in the Ship Inn was on street level. The new Ship Inn would last about a year before Yates closed it and returned to his native Scotland to see to his son’s education. The saloon was converted into an auction house by the new owners.

At least four Ship Inn Saloons operated in Greater Victoria between 1851 and 1869. James Yates owned the first two, followed by a Ship Inn Saloon in Esquimalt and another Ship Inn on Wharf Street just across from where Yates’s second saloon had been located. They all did extremely well, attracting a loyal customer base that allowed these establishments to prosper for years.

PONY SALOON, 1863-70

Of all the unsolved murder mysteries that occurred during these times, the most captivating and certainly the most disturbing occurred at the Pony Saloon some time between 1862 and 1870. The Pony Saloon, previously known as the Highland Mary Saloon (1862) was located at 1324 Government St. near Johnson Street, with Charles Hounslow as proprietor.

Pioneer Victoria was a rough place in the 1860s, and this was especially true along Johnson and Government streets, where most of the new saloons could be found. It proved to be especially rough at night. The saloons were full most evenings, especially when the sailors were in town on leave.

A good time was had by all — well, almost all — but it wasn’t long before the criminal element saw an opportunity to make some fast money. An unsuspecting sailor or gold miner, usually quite inebriated, provided an easy mark.

When alone in an alley, staggering to the next saloon, the innocent victim would be approached from behind and struck on the head with a heavy object, just hard enough to knock him out. He would wake with a sore head and find that his pockets had been picked and all his cash and usually his watch and other valuables stolen.

But one victim did not wake up the next day. His attackers accidentally applied too much force when cracking him over the head, and to their dismay, the victim died from the assault. The body was disposed of in a most unusual and undignified manner, and the incident was kept quiet for years.

The Pony Saloon saw a change in proprietors in 1865 when Hounslow sold to an American, Phillip Smith. Smith and his “red-headed woman friend” loved to entertain; she would sing and dance and Smith would host high-stakes poker games that would last well into the following day. The Pony Saloon fit in perfectly with the rowdy reputation of that area of town.

Smith ran the Pony Saloon for the next five years, selling to George Mason in December 1870. Mason changed the name of the saloon to the Omineca Saloon.

Meanwhile, Smith and his family moved to San Francisco in December 1870 aboard the Pelican. Smith was in very poor health, and once there he became violently insane. Was his condition brought on by tremendous guilt?

By the mid-1880s, most of the wooden buildings in town were being torn down and replaced with brick buildings. A bylaw was passed that banned building with wood over a certain height, so brick was the best alternative. The Omineca, the old Pony Saloon, was one of the establishments being renovated from wood to brick.

During the demolition, a worker was using a crowbar to pry up the floorboards in the back of the old saloon when he “let it fall with an exclamation of horror. His fellow workmen crowded about the spot as he raised a plank exposing to view a human skull with the upper jaw minus three teeth, and the lower jaw missing. The remainder of the planking was quickly torn up and more human remains were found.”

Work immediately came to a halt once the gruesome discovery was made. Doctor Trimble examined the remains and concluded that they were those of a “white man,” and he speculated that the jaw of this person had been split by violence. The victim was most likely murdered for his money.

This revelation didn’t come as a shock to some of the city’s older residents, who recalled that the saloon had a reputation for “horrible bacchanalian orgies in which dissolute men and women joined.” Many poor miners were robbed of their hard-earned cash and tumbled into the street penniless. But who had committed this ghastly murder? Was it Phil Smith? If he wasn’t the murderer, had he had a hand in hiding the body in the back room of his saloon?

Or was it one of the Pony Saloon’s regular patrons who had needed some quick money to remain at the gambling table? It was later revealed that a regular gambler at the saloon had left suddenly in 1863 accompanied by the red-haired lady, and the pair had never been seen again. Could they have had something to do with the murder?

An inquest into the death of the victim resulted in more questions than answers, and the case remains unsolved to this day, another cold-case mystery that took place on the rough edge of town.

Excerpted from: Aqua Vitae: A History of the Saloons and Hotel Bars of Victoria, 1851-1917, TouchWood Editions ©2016 Glen A. Mofford

From Vic High to Vimy

Victoria High School Cadet Battalion No. 112, 1914.   Photograph By Victoria High School Archives 

The nine-metre-high Banner of Honour and Sacrifice contains a hand-sewn maple leaf for each student and teacher who fought in the war. This is from a memorial service in 1920   Photograph By Victoria High School Archives

Victoria High School stands like an eternal memorial to its 497 alumni who enlisted for service in the First World War, including 97 who died, with nine of those deaths a result of the Battle of Vimy Ridge.

Vic High opened its doors to about 900 students in April 1914, and was immediately heralded as a source of pride, a fine place to educate the young people of an emerging, even special community.

“They don’t build schools like that anymore, not with all the beautiful terracotta, beaux-art designs and a gorgeous auditorium,” said Barry Gough, a Victoria historian, graduate of Vic High and author of From Classroom to Battlefield: Victoria High School and the First World War.

“It was an age of innocence, and the opening of the school was greeted with this Edwardian sense of civic achievement,” said Gough. “Then, all of a sudden, comes the war.”

He said Victoria and Vic High greeted the war immediately with enthusiasm. It was seen as a chance for adventure, but there was also a sense of civic duty to do one’s part.

Gough said he was surprised to find that the majority of the Vic High students who enlisted were not born in the United Kingdom. They were born in Victoria, in British Columbia or in other parts of Canada.

“So their loyalties were inculcated here, rather than transferred in directly from Britain,” said Gough.

And those loyalties at home or at war didn’t falter from the start of the war in August 1914 to the Armistice on Nov. 11, 1918. Instead, casualties just seemed to increase the determination in Victoria to help win the war.

The years 1914 through 1916 were slogged out with few decisive victories.

So by the time of the Battle of Vimy Ridge, April 9 to 12, 1917, Gough said, everybody welcomed the news of a victory. Also, newspapers all over the world, even in Germany, recognized it as a singular Canadian effort.

Vimy Ridge was also the beginning of a Canadian reputation for being able to get things done. The ridge was an important piece of high ground, but the French and the British had failed to capture and hold it.

So for the job, four Canadian divisions, along with one British, were melded into a single Canadian Corps. It was an organizational first after years of Canadian units being inserted to augment British Army efforts. They trained and practised extensively for the assault, another first.

By the time the battle was over, a total of 170,000 men, mostly Canadians, had accomplished what their European allies could not, and national transformation began. Casualties were high, with 3,598 killed and 7,004 wounded.

But that didn’t shake the feeling of accomplishment.

“The stories that appeared in the newspapers and in soldiers’ letters written home were telling the story that this was a Canadian thing,” said Gough.

The Daily Colonist had headlines such as “Canadians take ridge of Vimy” and “Dominion’s men in great drive.” Other stories mentioned the brilliant feat of the Canadian troops, and “the glorious achievement of our forces.”

Jim Kempling of the University of Victoria, a specialist in Victoria and the First World War, agrees Vimy Ridge marks the start of a national change of attitude in Canada. It was a new attitude with a new identity and it began with the soldiers.

He notes it can even be seen in the wartime diaries of his Canadian grandfather. At the start, his grandfather writes with pride of the “British Bulldog” found in all Canadians.

“But by 1917, he’s Johnny Canuck and his language changes,” said Kempling. “That transformation is very real.”

Nevertheless, he also said it’s important to realize much of the triumph of Vimy Ridge was a result of post-battle, even post-war circumstances and myth-making.

For a start, the real Battle of Vimy Ridge was only one comparatively small piece of a larger British offensive known as the Battle of Arras. Also, that British plan was meant as a diversionary tactic to lure German troops away from a sector further south where the French attacked.

But the Germans were not diverted and the French assault, now known as the Second Battle of Aisne, was a near disaster. French troops, exhausted by three years of terrible fighting, mutinied and refused to leave or even enter their trenches. The commander was forced to resign. The offensive halted.

Under new French command, order was restored and offensives continued, but with small, less costly attacks to give French morale a chance to recover.

Despite the overall lack of success, however, Canadians never lost their sense of achievement over Vimy. They also continued to fight as a unit, increasing their sense of solidarity.

Sir Julian Byng, the British general who commanded the Canadians during Vimy Ridge, was promoted and moved. But Byng’s protégé at Vimy, Canadian-born Gen. Arthur Currie, was given command of the Canadian Corps. The Canadians’ reputation for solid competence continued.

By the time the war was over, the soldiers had taken on a new identity more Canadian than British, no longer colonial but confident and independent. When they came home they also arrived with a new energy and confidence.

“A lot of Canadian went through this transition,” said Kempling. “They came home and the impact was that suddenly we had a whole bunch of people who knew how to do things.”

“Bureaucracy and government organization in Canada before World War One was really quite small,” he said. “But the people who came back knew how to organize things on a large scale.”

“The nature of government in Canada changed because we had this pretty impressive skill set that had been developed during the war,” said Kempling.

 

Veteran Profile: Major (Ret) C. G. Owen

Veteran Voices of Canada recently published an article on Club member and former General Committee member, Major C. G. Owen.

Major C. G. Owen (RCR) was born in Los Angeles, California on May 3, 1929. He served as an officer of 3rd Battalion RCR (Pioneer) and after approximately 16 months of training for overseas service, he was sent to Korea.

During the Chinese attack on Hill 187, he was wounded and became a Prisoner of War for several months. He was released at the cessation of hostilities in 1953.

He put the gun to my head and pulled the trigger. The firing pin hit the bullet but the bullet didn’t fire.”

To view an interview with Maj. Owen, researched and produced by Veterans Voices of Canada, please visit: https://vetvoicecan.org/veterans-profiles/land-force/charles-gordon-owen-rcr/

Maj. Owen retired to Victoria, British Columbia and joined the Union Club in 1985.

Stephen Lowe – the Artist Who Bridged Two Cultures in Unique Style

As originally appeared in January 29, 2017’s Times Colonist newspaper…

The Guangzhou Museum of Art, in a city of 13 million people in the south of China, recently hosted a month-long exhibition for Stephen Lowe (1938-1975).

Lowe was born in Quangdong and was long a resident of Victoria before his death from lymphoma at the age of 37. The Lowe family, of Calgary and Victoria, spent 2016 in China, preparing three exhibitions there, and culminating in the recent publication of the long-awaited and definitive book on Stephen Lowe’s life and art.

Lowe spent most of his life in Victoria, beloved by students and collectors here. It’s inexplicable how he achieved such skill and produced so much in the short time he had. And it is even more surprising to realize that his work and his example are enormously appreciated in the burgeoning world of Chinese art.

Lowe’s grandfather, Liu Chang, emigrated from Taishan village in Quangdong to work in the coal mines in Cumberland in the early 1900s. When the turmoil of civil war swept over south China in the late 1940s, his family was stripped of most of its possessions.

Stephen, the eldest of five children, made his way to Hong Kong at age 17, and his determination to study art led him to Zhao Shaoang, leading exponent of the “Lingnan school,” a progressive and atmospheric style of painting that is the distinctive expression of South China. At the request of his grandfather, Lowe emigrated to Canada in 1956, at 18 years of age. He arrived to find his grandfather living in a lean-to in a ghost town, one of the few surviving emigrés still living in Cumberland.

Lowe’s talent and personality brought him valuable support in Victoria. Through connections from his first job, as a room steward at the Union Club, he was sponsored for a year in Hong Kong, where he continued his studies and met Eunice, his wife-to-be.

On his return, he began teaching painting at the Art Gallery of Greater Victoria. The persuasive artist and designer Allan Edwards championed Lowe, and arranged work for him in Eaton’s department store display department. Exhibitions at the provincial library and the Art Gallery of Greater Victoria (with Lawren Harris) followed, remarkable accomplishments for an artist then just 23 years old.

Skipping forward, we note his huge exhibition at the newly opened Royal B.C. Museum in 1971, and the opening of the Stephen Lowe Gallery on the Humboldt Street side of the Empress Hotel — provided rent-free by the hotel. An exhibition was later held at the United Nations building in New York, and Edwards commissioned 66 originals for the new Skyline Park Hotel in London.

Then, in the fall of 1974, Lowe was diagnosed with a rare form of lymphoma. After summoning up the energy for his 23rd solo exhibition, he died within a year.

Lowe’s supporters insisted that his wife Eunice continue the Stephen Lowe Gallery, for many years a bright spot in Victoria’s art world. In her tiny shop, and later in the prestigious corner location of the Victoria Conference Centre, she brought unique Chinese antiques and works of art to an international clientele.

The family opened another branch in Calgary in 1979. The Victoria gallery closed in 2006, though the Calgary store managed by daughter Anna flourishes, with a focus on contemporary painting.

In 1985, just as China opened to the West, Eunice took 129 Stephen Lowe paintings for an exhibition at the National Art Museum of China in Beijing, followed by subsequent showings in Nanjing, Shanghai and Guangzhou. The president of the Chinese Artists Association, Wu Zuoren, personally inscribed the banner for the opening.

This was a moment when the older generation of artists, long marginalized by the Cultural Revolution, came out in the light of day for the first time. Their approval of this previously unknown artist was overwhelming.

While to Canadian eyes Lowe’s paintings are certainly Chinese, in his homeland, this art spoke with a new accent. Here was an artist who emigrated but did not lose his roots — a message of profound importance to the Chinese of that day.

When the Lowe family returned to Victoria in 1986, the Art Gallery of Greater Victoria presented a retrospective of 75 of the paintings, curated by Barry Till. In my review at the time, I wrote: “Lowe’s all-night painting sessions, his speed of execution and his ever-expanding range of subjects are legendary. He painted to challenge the limits of the acceptable and to continue the progress of Lingnan.”

Eunice Lowe has been working since 2005 to create the new, and definitive, book on her husband. Last week, she and her son, David, presented me with a copy. But first they told of their past year.

In 2016, Lowe’s paintings were chosen as a “bridge between cultures,” for the opening of the new Canadian Consulate offices in Guangzhou. Simultaneously, a prestigious show of Lowe’s work opened at the Guangzhou Museum of Art, which is a shrine to the masters of Lingnan-style painting.

It’s hard to express the importance of this event. The Lowe family have decided to donate their collection of paintings by Lingnan masters, and some Stephen Lowe originals, to that seminal collection.

The book is a delight. The 330 pages include reproductions of 125 paintings in colour, some of the reproductions 50 centimetres across. The Chinese-language version has been published by the People’s Fine Art Publishing House of China, and the English-version, privately published, will be available soon in Victoria. The quality of layout, paper stock and binding are beyond anything available in this country.

For information, contact stephenloweartgallery.ca.

What a story: A penniless immigrant lad, with nothing but native talent and the support of Victorians, created a timeless body of work in a few short years, far from home. And now Stephen Lowe’s reputation is reaching heights we just can’t imagine. Victoria’s art culture is rich.